NR546 WEEK 8: FINAL EXAM (Dec-2025)
Which of the following statements guides the selection of an alpha 2 agonist for the treatment of ADHD?
Answers: A – D
A. Guanfacine is more selective for alpha 2a receptors and has a reduced side effect profile when compared with clonidine. ✅
B. Guanfacine and clonidine are equally selective for alpha 2a receptors, but clonidine has a reduced side effect profile when compared with guanfacine.
C. Clonidine is more selective for alpha 2a receptors than guanfacine with a reduced side effect profile.
D. Clonidine is more selective for alpha 2b receptors and has a reduced side effect profile with guanfacine.
Individuals with ADHD smoke as frequently as adults with schizophrenia, twice the average of the typical adult population. Which statement best explains why nicotine may subjectively improve ADHD symptoms?
Answers: A – D
A Nicotine enhances dopamine release and enhances arousal. ✅
B. Nicotine reduces GABA and promotes selective attention.
C. Nicotine inhibits dopamine release and enhances relaxation.
D. Nicotine enhances serotonin release and decreases impulsivity.
A client was offered a choice between naltrexone and acamprosate for medication assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder. Which is the most accurate statement regarding these medications?
Answers: A – D
A. Naltrexone should be avoided in a client with kidney disease.
B. Clients taking acamprosate tend to have better adherence.
C. Naltrexone is available as one daily oral dosing or once monthly injection. ✅
D. Naltrexone cannot be taken if the client is still drinking.
A client presents with a severe drinking problem and the PMHNP affirms the need for pharmacotherapy. When the PMHNP suggests naltrexone, the client would like to know how this medication will help. Which explanation is most appropriate?
Answers: A – D
A. Naltrexone stimulates mu-opioid receptors to the euphoria you might normally experience with heavy drinking.
B. Naltrexone blocks mu-opioid receptors to reduce the euphoria you might normally experience with heavy drinking. ✅
C. Naltrexone blocks metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) to reduce the euphoria you might normally experience with heavy drinking.
D. Naltrexone stimulates mGluR receptors to the euphoria you might normally experience with heavy drinking.
Disulfiram works by inhibiting the enzyme ________, which leads to elevated serum levels of acetaldehyde and initiation of the disulfiram–ethanol reaction.
Answers: A – D
A. aldehyde dehydrogenase ✅
B. glutathione S-transferase
C. methionine synthase
D. alcohol dehydrogenase
A pre-med student with a family history of Alzheimer’s disease is interested in learning more about the brain regions involved in memory and the development of Alzheimer’s disease. The PMHNP describes the pathways of acetylcholine, an important neurotransmitter involved in dementia, noting that major cholinergic projections stem from the ____ to the ____ which are believed to be involved in memory.
Answers: A – D
A. striatum; hypothalamus
B. basal forebrain; hippocampus ✅
C. basal forebrain; nucleus accumbens
D. striatum; prefrontal cortex…………………..add to cart and proceed to check out to purchase all the 75 questions and answers at $60 only
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